Mueser K T, Yarnold P R, Bellack A S
Medical College of Pennsylvania, Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute, Philadelphia 19129.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1992 Jan;85(1):48-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb01441.x.
The relationship between history of specific types of substance abuse (alcohol, stimulants, cannabis, hallucinogens, narcotics) and demographic and diagnostic variables was evaluated in a large (n = 263) sample of schizophrenic, schizoaffective, major depression and bipolar disorder patients. Prevalence rates were also compared with rates observed in a previous study (1983-1986) conducted using the same methods. Demographic characteristics (gender, age, race, educational level) were strong predictors of type of substance abuse. Patients with a history of cocaine abuse had fewer prior hospitalizations, suggesting that less impaired psychiatric patients may be more prone to illicit substance abuse. Diagnoses were not related to most types of substance abuse, although there was a trend for bipolar patients to have a history of alcohol abuse. The results demonstrate the importance of matching groups on demographic characteristics when exploring diagnostic differences in preference to abuse specific types of substances.
在一个由263名精神分裂症、分裂情感性障碍、重度抑郁症和双相情感障碍患者组成的大样本中，评估了特定类型物质滥用（酒精、兴奋剂、大麻、致幻剂、麻醉品）史与人口统计学和诊断变量之间的关系。患病率还与之前一项采用相同方法进行的研究（1983 - 1986年）中观察到的患病率进行了比较。人口统计学特征（性别、年龄、种族、教育水平）是物质滥用类型的有力预测因素。有可卡因滥用史的患者既往住院次数较少，这表明精神障碍较轻的患者可能更容易出现非法物质滥用。诊断与大多数类型的物质滥用无关，尽管双相情感障碍患者有酒精滥用史的趋势。结果表明，在探索诊断差异而非特定类型物质滥用时，在人口统计学特征上对组进行匹配非常重要。
