Grassman Lon I, Austin Sean C, Tewes Michael E, Silvy Nova J
Feline Research Program, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, MSC 218, 700 University Blvd., Kingsville, Texas 78363, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2004 Jul;40(3):575-8. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-40.3.575.
We immobilized individuals of four free-ranging felid species, leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), Asiatic golden cat (Catopuma temminckii), and marbled cat (Pardofelis marmorata) with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride (KH-XH) and with tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride (TH-ZH) between March 1998 and July 2002. Mean (+/-SD) dose of KH and XH was 26.51+/-5.71 mg/kg and 1.89+/-0.43 mg/kg, respectively (n=25), and mean dose of TH-ZH was 11.61+/-3.39 mg/kg (n=28). Dose was significantly correlated with induction time (P<0.001) and duration of anesthesia (P<0.05), but not with recovery time. There were significant differences between the drug combinations in time to induction (P<0.03) and time to anesthesia (P<0.01); recovery times were not significantly different. We conclude that immobilization of these felids with TH-ZH and KH-XH is effective and safe, but TH-ZH is preferred because of the smaller volume of drug necessary for sedation, faster time to induction, and absence of prolonged muscle rigidity during anesthesia.
1998年3月至2002年7月期间，我们使用盐酸氯胺酮和盐酸赛拉嗪（KH-XH）以及盐酸替来他明和盐酸唑拉西泮（TH-ZH）对四种野生猫科动物豹猫（豹猫属）、云豹（云豹属）、亚洲金猫（金猫属）和大理石猫（纹猫属）的个体进行了麻醉。KH和XH的平均（±标准差）剂量分别为26.51±5.71毫克/千克和1.89±0.43毫克/千克（n = 25），TH-ZH的平均剂量为11.61±3.39毫克/千克（n = 28）。剂量与诱导时间（P < 0.001）和麻醉持续时间（P < 0.05）显著相关，但与恢复时间无关。两种药物组合在诱导时间（P < 0.03）和麻醉时间（P < 0.01）上存在显著差异；恢复时间无显著差异。我们得出结论，用TH-ZH和KH-XH对这些猫科动物进行麻醉是有效且安全的，但由于镇静所需药物体积较小、诱导时间更快且麻醉期间无长时间肌肉僵硬，TH-ZH更受青睐。
