Compton Wilson M, Horton Joe C, Cottler Linda B, Booth Robert, Leukefeld Carl G, Singer Merrill, Cunningham-Williams Renee, Reich Wendy, Fortuin Corsi Karen, Staton Michele, Fink Joseph L, Stopka Thomas J, Spitznagel Edward L
National Institute on Drug Abuse, 6001 Executive Boulevard, MSC 9589, Bethesda, MD 20892-9589, USA.
J Urban Health. 2004 Dec;81(4):661-70. doi: 10.1093/jurban/jth149.
Pharmacies are a potential site for access to sterile syringes as a means for preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but the type and extent of their utility is uncertain. To examine pharmacy syringe purchase, we conducted a standardized, multistate study in urban and rural areas of four states in which attempts to purchase syringes were documented. Of 1,600 overall purchase attempts, 35% were refused. Colorado (25%) and Connecticut (28%) had significantly lower rates of refusal than Kentucky (41%) and Missouri (47%). Furthermore, urban settings had higher rates of refusal (40%) than rural settings (31%, P < .01). Race and gender did not have a consistent impact on rates of refusal. Despite potential advantages of pharmacies as sites for access to sterile syringes, pharmacy purchase of syringes faces significant obstacles in terms of the practices in different jurisdictions.
药房是获取无菌注射器以预防人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的一个潜在场所，但药房在这方面的使用类型和程度尚不确定。为了调查在药房购买注射器的情况，我们在四个州的城乡地区开展了一项标准化的多州研究，记录了购买注射器的尝试。在总共1600次购买尝试中，35%被拒绝。科罗拉多州（25%）和康涅狄格州（28%）的拒绝率显著低于肯塔基州（41%）和密苏里州（47%）。此外，城市地区的拒绝率（40%）高于农村地区（31%，P <.01）。种族和性别对拒绝率没有一致的影响。尽管药房作为获取无菌注射器的场所具有潜在优势，但在不同司法管辖区的实际操作中，在药房购买注射器面临重大障碍。
