Prisant L Michael
Department of Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2004 Oct;6(10):594-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-6175.2004.03837.x.
Blood pressure normally declines 10%-20% from daytime to sleep. Patients with less than a 10% reduction in daytime blood pressure are referred to as nondippers. A blunted nocturnal decline in blood pressure may be due to diminished sodium excretory capacity, alteration in the autonomic nervous system, or other factors. Secondary hypertension should be considered as a possibility. Target organ damage appears to be more common in nondippers, however, poor reproducibility of nondipping status raises the question as to the appropriate duration of monitoring to establish a diagnosis. Nondippers tend to have a greater reduction in nocturnal blood pressure with nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment.
血压通常从白天到睡眠会下降10%-20%。白天血压下降幅度小于10%的患者被称为非杓型血压者。夜间血压下降减弱可能是由于钠排泄能力降低、自主神经系统改变或其他因素所致。应考虑继发性高血压的可能性。然而，在非杓型血压者中靶器官损害似乎更常见，非杓型状态的重复性差引发了关于确定诊断所需适当监测时长的问题。非杓型血压者在接受非药物和药物治疗后夜间血压往往会有更大幅度的下降。
