James Erica Caple
Anthropology Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
Cult Med Psychiatry. 2004 Jun;28(2):127-49; discussion 211-20. doi: 10.1023/b:medi.0000034407.39471.d4.
This article explores the challenges that emerge at the intersection of economies of compassion and terror: local, national, and international forms of humanitarian assistance; security practices in insecure social and institutional environments; questions of victimization and global reparations; and quests for justice, as revealed through an analysis of political violence and humanitarian interventions in Haiti during and after the 1991-94 coup period. Each domain is constrained by politics and history but can engender "occult economies" that challenge the intended consequences of restitution policies at international, national, and local levels of exchange. 'Trauma' and discourses about traumatic suffering are the hinge around which these economies pivot, generating new forms of political subjectivity for Haitian activists.
地方、国家和国际层面的人道主义援助形式；不安全的社会和机构环境中的安全措施；受害问题与全球赔偿问题；以及对正义的追求，这些挑战通过对1991 - 1994年政变期间及之后海地的政治暴力和人道主义干预的分析得以揭示。每个领域都受到政治和历史的限制，但可能催生“隐秘经济”，这些经济挑战了国际、国家和地方层面交换中的赔偿政策的预期后果。“创伤”以及关于创伤性苦难的话语是这些经济围绕其转动的枢纽，为海地激进分子催生了新的政治主体性形式。
