Bishop Dorothy V M, Maybery Murray, Maley Alana, Wong Dana, Hill Wayne, Hallmayer Joachim
Oxford University, UK.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2004 Nov;45(8):1431-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00849.x.
The concept of the 'broad phenotype' of autism refers to the finding that relatives of people with autism often have mild forms of autistic-like characteristics, such as social and communicative difficulties. This study used the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), a questionnaire devised to assess features of the broad phenotype in adults, with parents of people with autism, to see whether they would be more likely to obtain extreme scores than a control group.
The AQ was administered to parents of 69 people with an autism spectrum disorder and parents of 52 controls.
On two of the five subscales of the AQ, social skills and communication, parents of people with autism obtained higher scores than control parents. The other three scales, attention to detail, attention switching, and imagination, did not differentiate groups. The correlation between social skills and communication scales was .663. The scales can be combined to give an index of broad phenotype.
The AQ appears to be sensitive to the broad phenotype, provided attention is restricted to the social skills and communication scales.
自闭症“宽泛表型”的概念指的是这样一个发现，即自闭症患者的亲属往往具有轻度的自闭症样特征，比如社交和沟通困难。本研究使用自闭症谱系商数（AQ），这是一份为评估成年人宽泛表型特征而设计的问卷，对自闭症患者的父母进行调查，以了解他们是否比对照组更有可能获得极端分数。
对69名自闭症谱系障碍患者的父母和52名对照组的父母进行了AQ问卷调查。
在AQ问卷的五个子量表中的两个，即社交技能和沟通方面，自闭症患者的父母得分高于对照组父母。其他三个量表，即细节关注、注意力转换和想象力，并未区分出不同组别。社交技能和沟通量表之间的相关性为0.663。这些量表可以合并以给出一个宽泛表型指数。
只要将注意力限制在社交技能和沟通量表上，AQ似乎对宽泛表型敏感。
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