Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2013 Jan;67(1):20-7. doi: 10.1111/pcn.12005.
The Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) is a self-assessment screening instrument for measuring the degree to which an individual of normal intelligence shows autistic traits. Genetic factors could be responsible for the relatives of individuals with autism exhibiting higher than normal rates of autism-related impairments, referred to as the 'broader autism phenotype' (BAP). The aim of this study was to test whether there is a difference between the parents of autistic and those of typically developing children (TDC) on AQ scores in a Turkish sample.
The AQ total and subscale scores of the 100 parents (47 fathers, 53 mothers) of children with autistic disorder (AD) were compared with the 100 parents (48 fathers, 52 mothers) of TDC.
The parents of AD children scored significantly higher than the TDC parents on total AQ score, and two of five subscale scores; social skills, and communication. The other three subscales (attention to detail, attention switching, imagination) did not differentiate groups. There was no significant difference between mothers and fathers on any AQ scores, neither in the AD nor TDC group. The group × gender interaction was not significant on the total or the five subscale scores of AQ.
Social skill and communication subscales differentiate AD parents more successfully, and are more sensitive, as reported in other studies. The present findings confirm that social skill and communication impairments in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders are indicators of BAP.
孤独症谱系商数（AQ）是一种自我评估筛查工具，用于衡量具有正常智力的个体表现出自闭症特征的程度。遗传因素可能导致自闭症患者的亲属表现出高于正常水平的自闭症相关障碍，即“广义自闭症表型”（BAP）。本研究旨在测试在土耳其样本中，自闭症儿童的父母与典型发育儿童（TDC）的父母在 AQ 评分上是否存在差异。
比较了 100 名自闭症儿童（47 名父亲，53 名母亲）的父母的 AQ 总分和分量表得分与 100 名 TDC 父母（48 名父亲，52 名母亲）的得分。
自闭症儿童的父母在 AQ 总分和两个分量表（社交技能和沟通）上的得分显著高于 TDC 父母。另外三个分量表（关注细节、注意力转换、想象力）没有区分组间差异。在 AD 或 TDC 组中，母亲和父亲在任何 AQ 评分上均无显著差异。AQ 总分和五个分量表的组×性别交互作用均无统计学意义。
社交技能和沟通分量表比其他研究中更成功地区分了自闭症儿童的父母，并且更敏感。本研究结果证实，自闭症谱系障碍儿童的父母的社交技能和沟通障碍是 BAP 的指标。
