Ullman J E, Hjelmqvist H, Rundgren M, Leksell L G
Department of Anesthesiology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1992 Feb;36(2):132-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1992.tb03439.x.
The hemodynamic effects of separate and combined intravenous administration of the vasopressin (AVP) V1-receptor antagonist SK&F 100273 (10 micrograms/kg) and the angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor captopril (20 mg + 1 mg/h) were studied in 12 sheep during stable halothane anesthesia (1.5% end-tidal conc.). The separate blockade of either V1-receptors or angiotensin II (ANG II) synthesis induced a small (7-10%), but significant, fall in mean systemic arterial pressure (MSAP), whereas the combined treatment caused a 30% reduction in blood pressure. The changes in systemic vascular resistance paralleled those of the MSAP. Consequently, the cardiac output was largely unaffected by the interference with AVP effects and/or ANG II synthesis. The halothane anesthesia effectively increased the plasma levels of AVP and ANG II, and plasma renin activity without any relation to changes in MSAP. When either the AVP effects or ANG II synthesis were blocked separately, there was a slight tendency for a compensatory increase of the unimpeded hormonal system. It is concluded that halothane anesthesia increases the plasma levels of AVP and ANG II in sheep, and that the maintenance of the arterial pressure is dependent on the concurrent vasopressor effects of the two hormones in this situation.
在12只处于稳定的氟烷麻醉（呼气末浓度为1.5%）状态的绵羊中，研究了单独及联合静脉注射血管加压素（AVP）V1受体拮抗剂SK&F 100273（10微克/千克）和血管紧张素I转换酶抑制剂卡托普利（20毫克+1毫克/小时）的血流动力学效应。单独阻断V1受体或血管紧张素II（ANG II）的合成会导致平均体动脉压（MSAP）出现小幅（7%-10%）但显著的下降，而联合治疗则使血压降低了30%。全身血管阻力的变化与MSAP的变化趋势一致。因此，心输出量在很大程度上不受对AVP效应和/或ANG II合成干扰的影响。氟烷麻醉有效地提高了AVP和ANG II的血浆水平以及血浆肾素活性，且与MSAP的变化无关。当单独阻断AVP效应或ANG II合成时，未受影响的激素系统有轻微的代偿性增加趋势。结论是，氟烷麻醉会增加绵羊血浆中AVP和ANG II的水平，并且在这种情况下动脉压的维持依赖于这两种激素同时产生的升压效应。
