Powell Frank C
Regional Centre of Dermatology, Mater Misercordiae Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Cutis. 2004 Sep;74(3 Suppl):9-12, 32-4.
The pathophysiology of rosacea remains unknown. A leading theory suggests a vascular basis; however, clinical observations and histopathologic studies suggest that inflammation of the pilosebaceous follicle may be central to the pathogenesis of rosacea. Demodex folliculorum is a frequently seen commensal in the follicles of facial skin. According to evidence from biopsies of the skin surface, individuals with rosacea have a higher density of this parasite. This increased mite density may play a role in the pathophysiology of rosacea by triggering inflammatory or specific immune reactions, mechanically blocking the follicles, or acting as a vector for bacteria. Ongoing research has shown that bacteria from patients with rosacea may behave differently at the higher skin temperature that may be present in patients with rosacea. Another group has isolated bacteria from the Demodex mites; these bacteria may play a pathogenic role in papulopustular rosacea by facilitating follicular-based inflammatory changes.
酒渣鼻的病理生理学仍然未知。一个主要理论认为其有血管基础；然而，临床观察和组织病理学研究表明，毛囊皮脂腺的炎症可能是酒渣鼻发病机制的核心。毛囊蠕形螨是面部皮肤毛囊中常见的共生菌。根据皮肤表面活检的证据，酒渣鼻患者体内这种寄生虫的密度更高。螨密度增加可能通过引发炎症或特异性免疫反应、机械性阻塞毛囊或作为细菌载体，在酒渣鼻的病理生理学中发挥作用。正在进行的研究表明，酒渣鼻患者的细菌在酒渣鼻患者可能存在的较高皮肤温度下可能表现不同。另一组研究人员从毛囊蠕形螨中分离出了细菌；这些细菌可能通过促进基于毛囊的炎症变化，在丘疹脓疱型酒渣鼻中发挥致病作用。
