Bach Fritz H
Immunobiology Research Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2002;114 Suppl 4:1-3.
Heme oxygenases catalyze the rate-limiting step in heme degradation, resulting in the formation of carbon monoxide, iron and biliverdin that is subsequently reduced to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. The products of this enzymatic reaction have important biological effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective functions. Three isoforms of heme oxygenase (HO) have been described: two constitutively expressed isoforms, HO-2 and HO-3, and an inducible isoform, HO-1 that is increased as an adaptive response to several injurious stimuli including heme, hyperoxia, hypoxia, endotoxin and heavy metals. Induction of HO-1 has been implicated in numerous clinically relevant disease states including transplant rejection, hypertension, atherosclerosis, lung injury, endotoxic shock and others. This review will focus on the protective functions of HO-1.
血红素加氧酶催化血红素降解的限速步骤，生成一氧化碳、铁和胆绿素，随后胆绿素由胆绿素还原酶还原为胆红素。该酶促反应的产物具有重要的生物学效应，包括抗氧化、抗炎和细胞保护功能。已描述了三种血红素加氧酶（HO）同工型：两种组成型表达的同工型HO-2和HO-3，以及一种诱导型同工型HO-1，它作为对包括血红素、高氧、低氧、内毒素和重金属在内的多种损伤性刺激的适应性反应而增加。HO-1的诱导与许多临床相关疾病状态有关，包括移植排斥、高血压、动脉粥样硬化、肺损伤、内毒素休克等。本综述将聚焦于HO-1的保护功能。
