Gibson Rosemary M, Rothwell Nancy J, Le Feuvre Ros A
School of Biological Sciences, 1.124 Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
Vet J. 2004 Nov;168(3):230-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2003.10.016.
Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) and the resulting neuronal loss contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in human and domestic animal populations. Most insults induce inflammation and the expression of cytokines. The specific roles of these proteins in neurological damage and repair are not completely understood. However, members of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family have clear therapeutic potential: the IL-1 agonists, IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, are induced by CNS injury, and central injection of IL-1 increases, whilst peripheral or central administration of the IL-1 antagonist, IL-1ra, reduces the extent of the damage by more than 50%. The mechanism of action of these cytokines is the subject of intense research. In this review, we summarise approaches that are being used to investigate neuronal cell death, and the contribution of inflammation and cytokines, in particular the IL-1 family, to neurodegenerative disorders.
中枢神经系统（CNS）损伤及由此导致的神经元丢失，在人类和家畜群体的发病和死亡中起着重要作用。大多数损伤会引发炎症和细胞因子的表达。这些蛋白质在神经损伤和修复中的具体作用尚未完全明确。然而，白细胞介素-1（IL-1）家族成员具有明确的治疗潜力：CNS损伤可诱导IL-1激动剂IL-1α和IL-1β的产生，中枢注射IL-1会加剧损伤，而外周或中枢给予IL-1拮抗剂IL-1ra，则可使损伤程度降低超过50%。这些细胞因子的作用机制是深入研究的课题。在本综述中，我们总结了用于研究神经元细胞死亡的方法，以及炎症和细胞因子，特别是IL-1家族，在神经退行性疾病中的作用。
