Krzymowski Tadeusz, Stefańczyk-Krzymowska Stanisława
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, Olsztyn 10-747, Poland.
Vet J. 2004 Nov;168(3):285-96. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2003.10.010.
Facts discovered in recent decades have compelled us to revise long-established views on the physiological regulation of cyclic adjustments to the reproductive system in preparation for pregnancy in females. Evidence has been presented to show that changes in the uterine blood supply induced by the oestrogen/progesterone ratio in the blood and cytokines are important in the regulation of the secretory function of the endometrium. Progressive reduction in uterine blood flow during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle causes regressive changes in endometrial cells and release of prostaglandin (PG) F(2 alpha), resulting in initiation of luteolysis. Retrograde transfer of PGF(2 alpha) in the area of the mesometrium vasculature is an important element in the mechanism protecting the corpora lutea against luteolysis before day 12 of the porcine oestrous cycle and during early pregnancy and pseudopregnancy. Results of many studies presented in this review indicate that PGF(2 alpha) pulses in uterine venous blood during the follicular phase of the oestrous cycle may not be due to PGF(2 alpha) secretion by endometrial cells, but occur due to remodeling of the endometrium and pulsatile exretion of PGF(2 alpha) in accordance with rhythmic uterine contractions caused by oxytocin.
近几十年来发现的事实迫使我们修正长期以来关于雌性动物为怀孕做准备时生殖系统周期性调节的生理调控的观点。已有证据表明，血液中雌激素/孕激素比例和细胞因子引起的子宫血液供应变化在子宫内膜分泌功能的调节中起重要作用。发情周期黄体期子宫血流量的逐渐减少会导致子宫内膜细胞的退行性变化和前列腺素（PG）F（2α）的释放，从而引发黄体溶解。在猪发情周期第12天之前、早期妊娠和假妊娠期间，PGF（2α）在子宫系膜血管区域的逆行转运是保护黄体免受黄体溶解机制的重要因素。本综述中许多研究结果表明，发情周期卵泡期子宫静脉血中的PGF（2α）脉冲可能不是由于子宫内膜细胞分泌PGF（2α），而是由于子宫内膜重塑以及PGF（2α）根据催产素引起的子宫节律性收缩而产生的脉冲式排泄。
