Herrick Ariane L, Hutchinson Charles
University of Manchester, Rheumatic Diseases Centre, Hope Hospital, Salford M6 8HD, UK.
Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2004 Dec;18(6):957-79. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2004.06.004.
Many rheumatic diseases affect the vasculature, either as a 'primary' manifestation of the disease process (as in vasculitis or scleroderma-spectrum disorders) or as a result of accelerated atherosclerosis. Recent years have seen very major developments in, and refinements of, vascular imaging methods. It is likely that this pace of development will continue, enhancing the rheumatologist's ability to diagnose different musculoskeletal conditions and follow their progression, using minimally invasive techniques. In this chapter, we describe these recent advances in vascular imaging techniques, concentrating on those most relevant to the practising clinician, but also discussing methods which are being used in clinical research. Three main groups of imaging modalities are described: large vessel imaging (X-ray, magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) angiography), nailfold microscopy and thermography. For each of these, the method(s) and then the clinical and research applications are discussed. Laser Doppler, a research technique, is also described.
许多风湿性疾病会影响脉管系统，要么作为疾病进程的“主要”表现（如在血管炎或硬皮病谱系疾病中），要么是动脉粥样硬化加速的结果。近年来，血管成像方法有了非常重大的发展和改进。这种发展速度很可能会持续下去，利用微创技术提高风湿病学家诊断不同肌肉骨骼疾病并跟踪其进展的能力。在本章中，我们描述了血管成像技术的这些最新进展，重点关注与临床医生最相关的技术，同时也讨论了临床研究中正在使用的方法。描述了三类主要的成像方式：大血管成像（X射线、磁共振（MR）和计算机断层扫描（CT）血管造影）、甲襞显微镜检查和热成像。针对每一种成像方式，先讨论其方法，然后讨论临床和研究应用。还介绍了一种研究技术——激光多普勒。
