Cole K, Donoghue A M, Blore P J, Holliman J S, Cox N A, Musgrove M T, Donoghue D J
Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA.
Poult Sci. 2004 Oct;83(10):1734-8. doi: 10.1093/ps/83.10.1734.
Campylobacter is one of the most commonly reported bacterial causes of human foodborne infections in the United States. Recent evidence has demonstrated that Campylobacter is present in poultry semen and may contribute to the vertical transmission between the breeder hen and offspring. As Campylobacter is considered sensitive to oxygen and cold temperature, the objective of this study was to determine if aeration and storage temperature could reduce or eliminate Campylobacter in poultry semen. In 4 separate trials, pooled semen samples were collected from roosters or toms, diluted with a commercial poultry semen extender, and inoculated with an average of 10(7) cells/mL of a wild-type C. jejuni or C. coli semen isolate. Pooled ejaculates were then divided into 3 aeration treatments: Control (no aeration), air, or oxygen (gently bubbled for 20 min with atmospheric air or oxygen, respectively). Immediately after aeration, pooled semen samples were further divided to 3 test storage temperatures: 4, 23, or 42 degrees C. At 0, 2, 6, and 24 h of storage, samples were enumerated for Campylobacter. Aeration of the semen alone, or aeration with reduced temperatures (4 or 23 degrees C), did not reduce the amount of Campylobacter compared with the controls. Campylobacter concentrations were, however, reduced when stored at 42 degrees C for 24 h. This effect is associated with reduced sperm viability and is therefore not a practical treatment of reducing Campylobacter in semen. It appears alternative methods will be needed to eliminate Campylobacter from poultry semen.
弯曲杆菌是美国人类食源性感染中最常报告的细菌病因之一。最近的证据表明，弯曲杆菌存在于家禽精液中，可能导致种母鸡与后代之间的垂直传播。由于弯曲杆菌被认为对氧气和低温敏感，本研究的目的是确定通气和储存温度是否可以减少或消除家禽精液中的弯曲杆菌。在4个独立试验中，从公鸡或公火鸡收集混合精液样本，用商业家禽精液稀释剂稀释，并用平均每毫升10⁷个细胞的野生型空肠弯曲杆菌或结肠弯曲杆菌精液分离株接种。然后将混合射精分为3种通气处理：对照（不通气）、空气或氧气（分别用大气空气或氧气轻轻鼓泡20分钟）。通气后立即将混合精液样本进一步分为3个测试储存温度：4℃、23℃或42℃。在储存0、2、6和24小时时，对样本进行弯曲杆菌计数。与对照相比，单独对精液通气或在降低温度（4℃或23℃）下通气并没有减少弯曲杆菌的数量。然而，在42℃储存24小时后弯曲杆菌浓度降低。这种效应与精子活力降低有关，因此不是减少精液中弯曲杆菌的实用处理方法。似乎需要其他方法来消除家禽精液中的弯曲杆菌。
