Bruno Christina A, Alward Wallace L M
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48015, USA.
Semin Ophthalmol. 2002 Jun;17(2):59-68. doi: 10.1076/soph.17.2.59.14721.
Primary angle closure is a condition characterized by obstruction to aqueous humor outflow by the peripheral iris, and results in changes in the iridocorneal angle that are visible through gonioscopic examination. Gonioscopy in these eyes, however, can be difficult. This chapter discusses techniques that might help in the examination. These include beginning the examination with the inferior angle, methods to help in looking over the iris, cycloplegia, locating the corneal wedge, indentation, van Herick estimation, examining the other eye, and topical glycerin. Finally, there is a discussion about the pathology associated with the closed angle, with emphasis on the appearance of iris bombé, plateau iris, and the distinction between iris processes and peripheral anterior synechiae.
原发性闭角是一种以周边虹膜阻碍房水流出为特征的疾病，会导致通过前房角镜检查可见的虹膜角膜角改变。然而，对这些眼睛进行前房角镜检查可能会很困难。本章讨论可能有助于检查的技术。这些技术包括从下方房角开始检查、帮助越过虹膜的方法、睫状肌麻痹、确定角膜楔、压陷、范·赫里克估计法、检查另一只眼以及局部应用甘油。最后，讨论了与闭角相关的病理学，重点是虹膜膨隆、高褶虹膜的外观，以及虹膜突与周边前粘连的区别。
