Lahey Benjamin B, Pelham William E, Loney Jan, Kipp Heidi, Ehrhardt Ashley, Lee Steve S, Willcutt Erik G, Hartung Cynthia M, Chronis Andrea, Massetti Greta
Department of Psychiatry (MC 3077), University of Chicago, 5811 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Nov;161(11):2014-20. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.161.11.2014.
Predictive validity is a fundamental consideration in evaluating the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly for younger children.
The authors conducted four annual assessments of ADHD and functional impairment using multiple informants in 255 probands and matched comparison children who were 4-6 years old in wave 1.
Nearly all children who met full criteria for ADHD in wave 1 met full criteria for ADHD over the next 3 years and continued to display marked functional impairment relative to comparison children, even when intelligence, co-occurring psychopathology, and demographic characteristics were controlled.
These findings support the validity of the DSM-IV diagnosis of ADHD in younger children by demonstrating that the symptoms and associated impairment are likely to persist well into elementary school.
预测效度是评估注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第四版》（DSM-IV）诊断标准时的一项基本考量，对于年幼儿童而言尤为如此。
作者对255名先证者以及在第一波研究中年龄为4至6岁的匹配对照儿童进行了四次年度评估，采用多渠道信息提供者来评估ADHD及功能损害情况。
在第一波研究中几乎所有符合ADHD全部标准的儿童在接下来的3年里都符合ADHD全部标准，并且相对于对照儿童持续表现出明显的功能损害，即便在对智力、共病精神病理学及人口统计学特征进行控制之后亦是如此。
这些发现通过证明ADHD的症状及相关损害很可能持续到小学阶段，支持了DSM-IV对年幼儿童ADHD诊断的效度。
