Hawes Jessica J, Picciotto Marina R
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06508, USA.
J Comp Neurol. 2004 Nov 22;479(4):410-23. doi: 10.1002/cne.20329.
The distribution of immunoreactivity for the three identified neuropeptide galanin receptors, GalR1, GalR2, and GalR3, was determined in areas of the mouse brain involved in drug addiction, including the ventral tegmental area (VTA), substantia nigra (SN), nucleus accumbens (NA), and locus coeruleus (LC). All three galanin receptors are found in the VTA, SN, NA, and LC; however, GalR1 protein is most highly represented in the VTA, NA, and SN, suggesting that GalR1 may play a predominant role in galanin-mediated regulation of dopamine neurotransmission. GalR1 and GalR3 protein levels are high in the LC, suggesting that these isoforms may be important for galanin-mediated regulation of noradrenergic transmission during opiate withdrawal. Although the distribution of GalR1, GalR2, and GalR3 largely recapitulates the pattern of galanin binding throughout the brain, some discrepancies exist, suggesting that another galanin receptor(s) may be present in some brain areas. Overall, GalR1, GalR2, and GalR3 are distributed widely throughout the brain, correlate with widespread galanin binding, and colocalize with tyrosine hydroxylase in catecholaminergic brain areas.
在小鼠大脑中参与药物成瘾的区域，包括腹侧被盖区（VTA）、黑质（SN）、伏隔核（NA）和蓝斑（LC），确定了三种已鉴定的神经肽甘丙肽受体GalR1、GalR2和GalR3的免疫反应性分布。在VTA、SN、NA和LC中均发现了这三种甘丙肽受体；然而，GalR1蛋白在VTA、NA和SN中表达最为丰富，这表明GalR1可能在甘丙肽介导的多巴胺神经传递调节中起主要作用。GalR1和GalR3蛋白水平在LC中较高，这表明这些亚型可能在阿片类药物戒断期间甘丙肽介导的去甲肾上腺素能传递调节中发挥重要作用。尽管GalR1、GalR2和GalR3的分布在很大程度上概括了整个大脑中甘丙肽结合的模式，但仍存在一些差异，这表明某些脑区可能存在其他甘丙肽受体。总体而言，GalR1、GalR2和GalR3广泛分布于整个大脑，与广泛的甘丙肽结合相关，并在儿茶酚胺能脑区与酪氨酸羟化酶共定位。
