Menendez Clara, Schellenberg David, Quinto Llorenç, Kahigwa Elizeus, Alvarez Luisa, Aponte John J, Alonso Pedro L
Center for International Health y Departamento de Bioquimica Clínica Institut d'Investigacions Biome'diques August Pi i Sunyer Hospital Clinic, Villarroeal 170, E-08036, Barcelona, Spain.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004 Oct;71(4):434-40.
Iron deficiency and Plasmodium falciparum malaria are the two main causes of anemia in young children in region endemic for this disease. The impact on iron status of prophylactic oral iron supplementation (2 mg/kg/day from two to six months of age) and the duration of this effect were assessed in a group of 832 Tanzanian infants exposed to P. falciparum malaria. Iron parameters and red blood cell indices were assessed at 2, 5, 8, and 12 months of age. Infants who received iron supplements had a significantly lower prevalence of iron deficiency (P < 0.01 at 5 months and P < 0.001 at 8 and 12 months). Red blood cell indices (mean corpuscular volume, mean cell hemoglobin, and mean cell hemoglobin concentration) were increased in children receiving iron supplementation and they did not differ between those protected and unprotected against malaria. The prevalence of ferropenia was similar in children protected against malaria and in those who were not protected and did not receive iron supplements (34.7% versus 37.3% at 12 months of age). We concluded that iron supplementation between the ages of 2-6 months improves iron status at least up to 12 months of age. Malaria infection does not contribute to iron deficiency.
缺铁和恶性疟原虫疟疾是该疾病流行地区幼儿贫血的两个主要原因。在一组832名暴露于恶性疟原虫疟疾的坦桑尼亚婴儿中，评估了预防性口服铁补充剂（2至6个月龄时为2毫克/千克/天）对铁状态的影响及其持续时间。在2、5、8和12个月龄时评估铁参数和红细胞指数。接受铁补充剂的婴儿缺铁患病率显著较低（5个月时P<0.01，8个月和12个月时P<0.001）。接受铁补充剂的儿童红细胞指数（平均红细胞体积、平均红细胞血红蛋白和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度）有所增加，且在预防疟疾和未预防疟疾的儿童之间没有差异。预防疟疾的儿童和未预防疟疾且未接受铁补充剂的儿童缺铁性贫血患病率相似（12个月龄时分别为34.7%和37.3%）。我们得出结论，2至6个月龄之间补充铁可改善铁状态，至少持续到12个月龄。疟疾感染不会导致缺铁。
