Cohen Myron S
University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Top HIV Med. 2004 Oct-Nov;12(4):104-7.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) can increase risk for acquisition and transmission of HIV via a number of mechanisms, including breaching of mechanical barriers to infection, increased inflammation and higher levels of HIV cellular targets, and increased genital tract HIV levels. Studies in Malawi clinic populations indicate that treatment of STDs can reduce genital tract HIV levels. Work in Africa and India has indicated that genital herpes infection is associated with increased risk of acquisition of HIV and that presence of genital ulcer disease is associated with increased risk of transmission of HIV disease. Acute HIV infection has been found to be more frequent in individuals with active STDs, and co-transmission may be a common phenomenon. Acute HIV infection, which is not currently routinely diagnosed, is associated with increased risk of transmission. Greater efforts are needed in identifying acute HIV infection in STD clinics. This article summarizes a presentation by Myron S. Cohen, MD, at the International AIDS Society-USA course in Chicago in May.
性传播疾病（STDs）可通过多种机制增加感染和传播艾滋病毒的风险，包括破坏感染的物理屏障、炎症增加和艾滋病毒细胞靶标水平升高，以及生殖道艾滋病毒水平升高。在马拉维诊所人群中进行的研究表明，性传播疾病的治疗可降低生殖道艾滋病毒水平。在非洲和印度开展的工作表明，生殖器疱疹感染与感染艾滋病毒的风险增加有关，生殖器溃疡疾病的存在与艾滋病毒疾病传播风险增加有关。已发现急性艾滋病毒感染在患有活动性性传播疾病的个体中更为常见，且共同传播可能是一种常见现象。目前尚未常规诊断的急性艾滋病毒感染与传播风险增加有关。在性传播疾病诊所识别急性艾滋病毒感染需要付出更大努力。本文总结了医学博士迈伦·S·科恩于5月在芝加哥举行的美国国际艾滋病学会课程上的一次演讲。
