Kimura Hiromoto, Kawatani Masahito, Ito Eiko, Ishikawa Kazuo
Department of Otolaryngology, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
Regul Pept. 2004 Dec 15;123(1-3):135-8. doi: 10.1016/j.regpep.2004.04.020.
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) has been reported as a strong neurotrophic factor in the various sites of nervous system. The facial nerve injury is one of the common problems in patients at the Otolaryngology since the nerve damage could occur easily due to the anatomical characteristics. Once it happens, the regeneration is little observed and functional recovery is poor. Thus, we investigated that PACAP might have some influence for regeneration after the facial nerve transaction in the guinea pig. PACAP treatment accelerated time for the appearance of compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) after the nerve transaction (first appeared at 1 versus 2 weeks in control) and shortened the latency at 4 weeks. The number of myelinated fibers increased at 4 weeks. Histochemical demonstration of GAP-43, a growth cone protein, was observed at the injury area at 2-4 days. PACAP increased the level of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a neurotrophin, in facial target muscles at 1 day-4 weeks. These data indicated that PACAP promotes the regeneration factors and increases the possibility of functional recovery following the facial nerve injury.
垂体腺苷酸环化酶激活多肽（PACAP）已被报道为神经系统各部位的一种强大的神经营养因子。面神经损伤是耳鼻喉科患者常见的问题之一，因为由于解剖学特征，神经很容易受损。一旦发生，很少观察到再生，功能恢复也很差。因此，我们研究了PACAP对豚鼠面神经切断后再生可能有一些影响。PACAP治疗加速了神经切断后复合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）出现的时间（对照组首次出现在1周，而PACAP治疗组为2周），并缩短了4周时的潜伏期。4周时髓鞘化纤维数量增加。在损伤区域2 - 4天时观察到生长锥蛋白GAP - 43的组织化学显示。在1天至4周时，PACAP增加了面神经靶肌肉中神经胶质细胞源性神经营养因子（GDNF，一种神经营养蛋白）的水平。这些数据表明，PACAP促进再生因子，并增加面神经损伤后功能恢复的可能性。
