Moss A D, Fowler N E, Goosey-Tolfrey V L
Centre for Biophysical and Clinical Research into Human Movement, Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Hassall Road, Alsager, Stoke-on-Trent, ST7 2HL, United Kingdom.
J Biomech. 2005 Jan;38(1):15-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.03.022.
The aim of this study was to analyse the first six pushes of a sprint start in over-ground racing wheelchair propulsion. One international male wheelchair athlete (age=28 years; body mass=60.6 kg; racing classification=T4) performed maximal over-ground sprint trials, over approximately 10 m, in his own racing wheelchair fitted with a velocometer. Each trial was filmed at 200 Hz using a "Pan and Tilt" system. Eight trials were manually digitised at 100 Hz. Raw co-ordinate data were smoothed and differentiated using a quintic spline routine. Across the period from pushes one to six the duration of each push cycle decreased (0.82+/-0.02-0.45+/-0.01 s) with the mean duration of the propulsive phase decreasing from 0.62+/-0.02 to 0.21+/-0.01 s and the recovery phase increasing from 0.20+/-0.01 to 0.24+/-0.02 s. The push-rim was contacted progressively closer to top dead centre and released progressively closer to bottom dead centre with each push. The data indicate that peak velocity occurred after release. The main findings of this study support the observation that racing wheelchair sprint propulsion is a complex form of locomotion and cannot be described accurately by using just the established definitions of a propulsive and a recovery phase.
本研究的目的是分析在室外场地竞速轮椅推进过程中短跑起跑的前六次推动动作。一名国际男性轮椅运动员（年龄 = 28岁；体重 = 60.6千克；竞赛分级 = T4）在其装有速度计的自有竞赛轮椅上进行了约10米的室外场地最大速度短跑试验。每次试验使用“平移和倾斜”系统以200赫兹的频率进行拍摄。对八次试验以100赫兹的频率进行手动数字化处理。原始坐标数据使用五次样条程序进行平滑和微分处理。在从第一次推动到第六次推动的时间段内，每个推动周期的持续时间缩短（0.82±0.02 - 0.45±0.01秒），推进阶段的平均持续时间从0.62±0.02秒降至0.21±0.01秒，恢复阶段的持续时间从0.20±0.01秒增至0.24±0.02秒。每次推动时，推轮与上止点的接触点逐渐靠近，释放点逐渐靠近下止点。数据表明峰值速度在释放后出现。本研究的主要发现支持以下观察结果：竞赛轮椅短跑推进是一种复杂的运动形式，仅使用既定的推进阶段和恢复阶段定义无法准确描述。
