Fowke Jay H, Schlundt David, Gong Yang, Jin Fan, Shu Xiao-Ou, Wen Wanqing, Liu Da-Ke, Gao Yu-Tang, Zheng Wei
Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-8300, USA.
Ann Epidemiol. 2004 Nov;14(10):778-85. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2004.02.002.
Foods consumed near the time of food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) administration may prime the memory, such that FFQ responses emphasize recently consumed foods. This study investigates the effect of season of FFQ administration, a proxy for the recent diet, on FFQ responses.
FFQ data from 74,958 Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS) subjects were compared with FFQ data from these subjects by season of FFQ administration (i.e., winter, spring, summer, and fall). All analyses were adjusted for age, BMI, and energy intake. Furthermore, quintile categories derived from all study subjects were compared with categories derived from the distribution of subjects recruited in the same season.
Compared with the study group as a whole, subjects completing the FFQ in winter reported higher intakes of meat (2.1%), vegetable (3.9%), fish (3.1%), and soy foods (4.1%), but lower fruit (- 3.9%) intake. Subjects completing the FFQ in summer reported lower than average meat (- 2.0%), vegetable (- 3.2%), fish (- 2.3%), and soy food (- 4.6%) intakes, but greater fruit intake (0.9%). Completion of the FFQ in spring and fall usually led to intermediate differences from the group average, although fruit intake was 5.9% higher among subjects completing the FFQ in the fall. Variations across macronutrients and micronutrients by season of FFQ administration were smaller. If seasonal FFQ reporting is ignored, up to 13% of subjects would be classified to a different diet intake exposure category. However, reclassification was always to an adjacent category.
FFQ responses varied with season of FFQ administration, consistent with theory that current diet intake influences reporting of habitual past diet intake. However, season of FFQ administration did not alter dietary exposure category assignments sufficiently to effect interpretation of most epidemiologic studies.
在进行食物频率问卷调查（FFQ）时附近所食用的食物可能会激发记忆，从而使FFQ的回答更强调近期食用的食物。本研究调查了作为近期饮食替代指标的FFQ调查季节对FFQ回答的影响。
将74958名上海女性健康研究（SWHS）受试者的FFQ数据，按照FFQ调查季节（即冬季、春季、夏季和秋季）与这些受试者的FFQ数据进行比较。所有分析均对年龄、体重指数和能量摄入进行了校正。此外，将所有研究对象的五分位数类别与同一季节招募对象分布得出的类别进行比较。
与整个研究组相比，在冬季完成FFQ的受试者报告肉类（2.1%）、蔬菜（3.9%）、鱼类（3.1%）和大豆类食物（4.1%）的摄入量较高，但水果摄入量较低（-3.9%）。在夏季完成FFQ的受试者报告肉类（-2.0%）、蔬菜（-3.2%）、鱼类（-2.3%）和大豆类食物（-4.6%）的摄入量低于平均水平，但水果摄入量较高（0.9%）。在春季和秋季完成FFQ通常导致与组平均水平存在中等差异，尽管在秋季完成FFQ的受试者中水果摄入量高出5.9%。按FFQ调查季节划分的常量营养素和微量营养素的差异较小。如果忽略季节性FFQ报告，高达13%的受试者将被归类到不同的饮食摄入暴露类别。然而，重新分类总是相邻类别。
FFQ的回答随FFQ调查季节而变化，这与当前饮食摄入量会影响习惯性过去饮食摄入量报告的理论一致。然而，FFQ调查季节并没有充分改变饮食暴露类别分配，以至于影响大多数流行病学研究的解释。
