Neumann Nicola, Kotchoubey Boris
Institute of Medical Psychology and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Tuebingen, D-72074 Tuebingen, Germany.
Brain Res Brain Res Protoc. 2004 Nov;14(1):25-36. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresprot.2004.09.001.
A systematic neuropsychological assessment technique is described for use with severely physically disabled individuals, possibly with combined motor and cognitive disorders. Target neurological conditions may be, e.g., an incomplete locked-in state, a minimally conscious state, or severe combinations of paralysis, agnosia, and apraxia. Neuropsychological assessment in these patients is difficult, because standard neuropsychological tests require fast motor responses, which can be manual, verbal, or both. To assess the cognitive status of patients with residual motor function, tests have been applied that can be answered by a binary (yes/no) signal and whose outcomes were not based on reaction times. Further, a battery of neurophysiological examination procedures based on event-related brain potentials has been developed. These procedures can be performed directly at a patient's bedside (at home or in a hospital) and applied for assessment of cognitive functions even in patients without residual motor function.
本文描述了一种系统的神经心理学评估技术，用于严重身体残疾的个体，这些个体可能同时存在运动和认知障碍。目标神经系统疾病可能是，例如，不完全闭锁状态、微意识状态，或瘫痪、失认症和失用症的严重组合。对这些患者进行神经心理学评估很困难，因为标准的神经心理学测试需要快速的运动反应，这种反应可以是手动的、言语的或两者皆有。为了评估有残余运动功能患者的认知状态，已经应用了可以通过二元（是/否）信号回答且结果不基于反应时间的测试。此外，还开发了一系列基于事件相关脑电位的神经生理学检查程序。这些程序可以直接在患者床边（家中或医院）进行，甚至可以用于评估没有残余运动功能患者的认知功能。
