Hawkins R E, Malone J D, Cloninger L A, Rozmajzl P J, Lewis D, Butler J, Cross E, Gray S, Hyams K C
Department of Internal Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda Naval Hospital, Maryland.
J Infect Dis. 1992 Apr;165(4):716-9. doi: 10.1093/infdis/165.4.716.
A prevalence study of 2072 male US shipboard military personnel scheduled for deployment to South America/West Africa and the Mediterranean was conducted to determine whether serologic evidence of prior hepatitis A, B, or C infection is associated with exposure in foreign countries. There were 210 subjects (10.1%) who had antibodies to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), 76 (3.7%) to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), and 9 (0.4%) to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV). By multivariate analysis, anti-HAV seropositivity was independently associated with age, non-white racial/ethnic groups, birth outside of the United States, and prior Caribbean deployment for less than 1 year. Anti-HBc seropositivity was independently associated with black and Filipino race/ethnicity, foreign birth, a history of a sexually transmitted disease, South Pacific/Indian Ocean deployment (less than 12 months), and South Pacific or Mediterranean duty for (greater than 1 year). No geographic risk factors were associated with anti-HCV positivity. These data indicate that military personnel deployed outside the United States are at increased risk of viral hepatitis infection and should be considered for vaccination.
对计划部署到南美洲/西非和地中海地区的2072名美国男性海军舰艇人员进行了一项患病率研究，以确定甲型、乙型或丙型肝炎既往感染的血清学证据是否与国外接触有关。有210名受试者（10.1%）甲型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HAV）呈阳性，76名（3.7%）乙型肝炎核心抗原抗体（抗-HBc）呈阳性，9名（0.4%）丙型肝炎病毒抗体（抗-HCV）呈阳性。通过多变量分析，抗-HAV血清阳性与年龄、非白人种族/族裔群体、在美国境外出生以及既往在加勒比地区部署不到1年独立相关。抗-HBc血清阳性与黑人及菲律宾种族/族裔、外国出生、性传播疾病史、在南太平洋/印度洋部署（不到12个月）以及在南太平洋或地中海服役（超过1年）独立相关。没有地理风险因素与抗-HCV阳性相关。这些数据表明，部署在美国境外的军事人员感染病毒性肝炎的风险增加，应考虑接种疫苗。
