Hintze Beata, Kühn-Dymecka Aleksandra, Bembenek Anna, Wrońska Anna, Wciórka Jacek
I Kliniki Psychiatrycznej IPiN w Warszawie.
Psychiatr Pol. 2004 Sep-Oct;38(5):861-73.
Attention dysfunction as assessed by standardised tests has often been reported in schizophrenic patients. Since many cognitive dysfunctions noted in these patients occur also in their close relatives, a supposition arises that they may be indicators not so much of transient states, but rather of a stable feature of cognitive functioning. This feature perhaps is transmitted from generation to generation and might contribute to the onset of the disease.
A comparison of selected attention indicators in schizophrenic patients and their first-degree relatives with these in healthy controls without family history of schizophrenia.
Participants in the study were 99 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia (according to the ICD-10-DCR criteria) in an early period of remission, their first-degree relatives (N = 56), out of whom 42 were healthy and 14 had a history of psychiatric disorders, and a control group of participants (N = 42) unrelated to the subjects and with no psychiatric history. Several tests of the computer-aided Vienna Test Battery were used, and namely: the RT test measuring reaction time to simple visual or auditory stimuli, and LVT test measuring the accuracy and performance time in a task that consisted in visual tracking of lines, and required concentration of visual perception.
As compared to the controls, the patient group was found to manifest attention deficits in the form of longer reaction time to simple stimuli as well as increased performance time and decreased correctness of visual line tracking. The patients had also a somewhat longer reaction time to visual (but not auditory) stimuli, and their line tracking was inferior as compared to that of their healthy relatives. As regards the reaction time to simple stimuli, the latter did not differ significantly from the controls, but in the line tracking test which required more attention, their performance was significantly inferior to that of the control group.
通过标准化测试评估的注意力功能障碍在精神分裂症患者中经常被报道。由于在这些患者中发现的许多认知功能障碍在其近亲中也存在，因此产生了一种推测，即它们可能与其说是短暂状态的指标，不如说是认知功能稳定特征的指标。这种特征可能代代相传，并可能导致疾病的发作。
比较精神分裂症患者及其一级亲属与无精神分裂症家族史的健康对照者中选定的注意力指标。
研究参与者包括99名处于缓解早期、根据国际疾病分类第10版精神与行为障碍分类标准（ICD - 10 - DCR）被诊断为精神分裂症的患者，他们的一级亲属（N = 56），其中42名健康，14名有精神疾病史，以及一组与研究对象无关且无精神病史的对照参与者（N = 42）。使用了计算机辅助维也纳测试组的多项测试，具体如下：测量对简单视觉或听觉刺激反应时间的RT测试，以及测量视觉跟踪线条任务的准确性和执行时间的LVT测试，该任务需要集中视觉感知。
与对照组相比，患者组表现出注意力缺陷，表现为对简单刺激的反应时间延长，以及视觉线条跟踪的执行时间增加和正确性降低。患者对视觉（而非听觉）刺激的反应时间也略长，并且与健康亲属相比，他们的线条跟踪能力较差。关于对简单刺激的反应时间，一级亲属与对照组没有显著差异，但在需要更多注意力的线条跟踪测试中，他们的表现明显低于对照组。
