Iida K, Matsuura T, Tachibana M, Hatsuda T
The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Sep 24;93(13):132001. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.132001. Epub 2004 Sep 20.
Thermal color superconducting phase transitions in high density three-flavor quark matter are investigated in the Ginzburg-Landau approach. The effects of nonzero strange quark mass, electric and color charge neutrality, and direct instantons are considered. Weak coupling calculations show that an interplay between the mass and electric neutrality effects near the critical temperature gives rise to three successive second-order phase transitions as the temperature increases: a modified color-flavor locked (mCFL) phase (ud, ds, and us pairings) --> a d-quark superconducting (dSC) phase (ud and ds pairings) --> an isoscalar pairing phase (ud pairing) --> a normal phase (no pairing). The dSC phase is novel in the sense that while all eight gluons are Meissner screened as in the mCFL phase, three out of nine quark quasiparticles are always gapless.
在金兹堡-朗道方法中研究了高密度三味夸克物质中的热色超导相变。考虑了非零奇异夸克质量、电和色荷中性以及直接瞬子的影响。弱耦合计算表明，在临界温度附近，质量和电中性效应之间的相互作用随着温度升高会导致三个连续的二级相变：一个修正的色味锁定（mCFL）相（ud、ds和us配对）→一个d夸克超导（dSC）相（ud和ds配对）→一个同位旋标量配对相（ud配对）→一个正常相（无配对）。dSC相的新颖之处在于，虽然在mCFL相中所有八个胶子都被迈斯纳屏蔽，但九个夸克准粒子中有三个总是无能隙的。
