Granato A V, Khonik V A
Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Greet St., Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Oct 8;93(15):155502. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.155502. Epub 2004 Oct 6.
A theory of isothermal structural relaxation and creep of glasses below the glass transition temperature is given. According to the interstitialcy theory, the supercooled liquid state does not exist below a Kauzmann "pseudocritical" temperature T(k), which lies above the temperature T(K), commonly called the "Kauzmann temperature." Structural relaxation is simply a reduction with time of the interstitialcy concentration to the crystalline state for T<T(k), and to the metastable supercooled liquid state for T>T(k). The predicted viscosity eta is universal, given by eta=eta(0) + eta(T)t, in agreement with experiment. eta is continuous in T, with eta discontinuous at T(k) but linear in 1/T above and below T(k). The dependence of eta on the shear modulus directly connects kinetic and thermodynamic properties of glasses and liquids.
给出了玻璃在玻璃化转变温度以下的等温结构弛豫和蠕变理论。根据间隙原子理论，在高于通常称为“考兹曼温度”的温度(T(K))之上的考兹曼“准临界”温度(T(k))以下不存在过冷液态。对于(T<T(k))，结构弛豫仅仅是间隙原子浓度随时间降低至晶态，而对于(T>T(k))，则降低至亚稳态过冷液态。预测的粘度(\eta)是通用的，由(\eta=\eta(0) + \eta(T)t)给出，与实验结果一致。(\eta)在(T)中是连续的，在(T(k))处(\eta)是不连续的，但在(T(k))之上和之下与(1/T)呈线性关系。(\eta)对剪切模量的依赖性直接将玻璃和液体的动力学性质与热力学性质联系起来。
