Coutts Angela A, Izzo Angelo A
School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland.
Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2004 Dec;4(6):572-9. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2004.05.007.
Recent work in the field of gastrointestinal pharmacology of cannabinoids has focused on enteric endocannabinoid and endovanilloid systems and their modulation in pathophysiological conditions. CB(1) receptor immunoreactivity was detected on enteric cholinergic neurones and vasoactive intestinal peptide-containing submucosal ganglion cells, on discrete nuclei of the dorsovagal complex (involved in emesis) and on central and peripheral vagal terminals, thus controlling gastroesophageal reflux and gastrointestinal motility. CB(1) receptor activation by endocannabinoids inhibited induced fluid secretion and inflammation in animal models and reduced proliferation of cultured colorectal cancer cells. Endocannabinoids also activate cannabinoid CB(2) and vanilloid VR1 receptors in certain inflammatory states. Thus endocannabinoid metabolism could provide a useful therapeutic target for many gastrointestinal disorders.
近期大麻素胃肠药理学领域的研究集中于肠道内源性大麻素和内源性香草酸系统及其在病理生理状况下的调节作用。在肠道胆碱能神经元、含血管活性肠肽的黏膜下神经节细胞、背迷走神经复合体的离散核团（与呕吐有关）以及中枢和外周迷走神经末梢上检测到了CB(1)受体免疫反应性，从而控制胃食管反流和胃肠蠕动。内源性大麻素激活CB(1)受体可抑制动物模型中诱导的液体分泌和炎症，并减少培养的结肠癌细胞的增殖。在某些炎症状态下，内源性大麻素还可激活大麻素CB(2)受体和香草酸VR1受体。因此，内源性大麻素代谢可能为许多胃肠道疾病提供一个有用的治疗靶点。
