Ghinea Mihaela Maria
Clinic of Internal Medicine, Constanţa, Romania.
Rom J Intern Med. 2004;42(1):225-30.
Iron deficiency anemia is a hypochromic anemia in which hemoglobin poor synthesis is due to a decrease in the amount of iron in the body. The decrease of iron quantity has many causes: insufficient intake of aliments rich in iron (meat, viscera, green vegetables), increased necessities during growth period, pregnancy, erythrocytes hyperregeneration, high-performance sportsmen, increased loss by digestive way, genito-urinary way, respiratory, hemorrhagic syndromes. Clinically, symptoms and signs specific to all types of anemia and those specific to lack of iron occur besides the symptoms and signs of the underlying disease: atrophic glositis, angular stomatitis, sideropenic dysphagia, pica, skin and nails changes. Laboratory investigations useful for diagnosis are: microcytic, hypochromic anemia, decreased serum iron level, total capacity of iron binding increased, medullar iron store absent, good response to iron therapy. Ferro-Folgamma is one of the most indicated medicines in iron deficiency anemia. Due to its components this medicine has many indications: insufficient alimentary intake concerning iron, folic acid, B12 vitamin, vegetarian alimentation, increased needs during growth period, iron deficiency anaemia secondary to chronic hemorrhages, malnutrition, anemias associated with chronic alcohol intake, preventive treatment of iron deficiency anemia and megaloblastic anemia during pregnancy and lactation.
缺铁性贫血是一种低色素性贫血，其中血红蛋白合成不足是由于体内铁含量减少所致。铁含量降低有多种原因：富含铁的食物（肉类、内脏、绿色蔬菜）摄入不足、生长期、孕期需求增加、红细胞过度再生、高水平运动员、通过消化途径、泌尿生殖途径、呼吸道、出血综合征导致的铁流失增加。临床上，除了基础疾病的症状和体征外，还会出现所有类型贫血特有的症状和体征以及缺铁特有的症状和体征：萎缩性舌炎、口角炎、缺铁性吞咽困难、异食癖、皮肤和指甲变化。有助于诊断的实验室检查有：小细胞低色素性贫血、血清铁水平降低、铁结合总能力增加、骨髓铁储存缺失、对铁治疗反应良好。福乃得是缺铁性贫血最常用的药物之一。由于其成分，该药有多种适应证：铁、叶酸、维生素B12摄入不足、素食、生长期需求增加、慢性出血继发的缺铁性贫血、营养不良、与长期饮酒相关的贫血、孕期和哺乳期缺铁性贫血和巨幼细胞贫血的预防性治疗。
