Moore Zena, Price Patricia
Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons, Dublin, Ireland.
J Clin Nurs. 2004 Nov;13(8):942-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2004.00972.x.
Pressure ulcers are not a plague of modern man; they have been known to exist since ancient Egyptian times. However, despite the increasing expenditure on pressure ulcer prevention, pressure ulcers remain a major health care problem. Although nurses do not have the sole responsibility for pressure ulcer prevention, nurses have a unique opportunity to have a significant impact on this problem.
The specific aims of the study were to identify: * Staff nurses' attitudes towards pressure ulcer prevention. * The behaviour of staff nurses' in relation to pressure ulcer prevention. * Staff nurses' perceived barriers towards pressure ulcer prevention.
A cross-sectional survey method was used.
A randomly selected sample of staff nurses (n = 300) working in an acute care setting in an urban location was invited to participate. Data were collected using a prepiloted questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 10 and SPSS Text Smart version 1.1.
The nurses surveyed demonstrated a positive attitude towards pressure ulcer prevention. However, prevention practices were demonstrated to be haphazard and erratic and were negatively affected by lack of time and staff. These barriers prevented the nurses' positive attitude from being reflected into effective clinical practice. Education, although poorly accessed, or made available, was rarely cited as impeding practice in this area.
This study suggests that positive attitudes are not enough to ensure that practice change takes place, reinforcing the complex nature of behavioural change. Implementation strategies should introduce ways in which key staff can be empowered to overcome barriers to change.
This study provides a unique exploration of Irish nurses' attitudes, behaviours and perceived barriers towards pressure ulcer prevention, thereby contributing to the body of knowledge on this subject. As tissue viability is a new and emerging speciality, this information will contribute to evidence based practice in this area of patient care and will form the basis for the development of an educational strategy for pressure ulcer prevention and management.
压疮并非现代人的灾祸；自古埃及时代起就已为人所知。然而，尽管在压疮预防方面的支出不断增加，但压疮仍是一个重大的医疗保健问题。虽然护士并非预防压疮的唯一责任人，但护士有独特的机会对这一问题产生重大影响。
本研究的具体目的是确定：
注册护士对压疮预防的态度。
注册护士在压疮预防方面的行为。
注册护士认为的压疮预防障碍。
采用横断面调查方法。
邀请在城市地区一家急症护理机构工作的注册护士（n = 300）组成的随机样本参与研究。使用预先设计好的问卷收集数据。数据分析采用SPSS 10版和SPSS Text Smart 1.1版。
接受调查的护士对压疮预防表现出积极态度。然而，预防措施杂乱无章且不稳定，并且受到时间和人员不足的负面影响。这些障碍使护士的积极态度无法转化为有效的临床实践。教育虽然获取困难或难以提供，但很少被认为是该领域实践的障碍。
本研究表明，积极态度不足以确保实践发生改变，这强化了行为改变的复杂性。实施策略应引入让关键人员能够克服变革障碍的方法。
本研究对爱尔兰护士在压疮预防方面的态度、行为和感知障碍进行了独特的探索，从而为该主题的知识体系做出了贡献。由于组织活力是一个新兴的专业领域，这些信息将有助于该患者护理领域的循证实践，并将构成压疮预防和管理教育策略发展的基础。
