蚊子与疟原虫的传播——不仅仅是媒介。

Paul Richard E L, Diallo Mawlouth, Brey Paul T

Unité de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire des Insectes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr, Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.

Malar J. 2004 Nov 8;3:39. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-3-39.

The regional malaria epidemics of the early 1900s provided the basis for much of our current understanding of malaria epidemiology. Colonel Gill, an eminent malariologist of that time, suggested that the explosive nature of the regional epidemics was due to a sudden increased infectiousness of the adult population. His pertinent observations underlying this suggestion have, however, gone unheeded. Here, the literature on Plasmodium seasonal behaviour is reviewed and three historical data sets, concerning seasonal transmission of Plasmodium falciparum, are examined. It is proposed that the dramatic seasonal increase in the density of uninfected mosquito bites results in an increased infectiousness of the human reservoir of infection and, therefore, plays a key role in "kick-starting" malaria parasite transmission.

20世纪初的区域性疟疾流行是我们目前对疟疾流行病学诸多认识的基础。当时杰出的疟疾学家吉尔上校认为，区域性流行的爆发性是由于成年人群体传染性突然增加所致。然而，他这一观点背后的相关观察却未得到重视。在此，本文回顾了有关疟原虫季节性行为的文献，并研究了三个关于恶性疟原虫季节性传播的历史数据集。研究表明，未感染蚊子叮咬密度的季节性急剧增加导致人类感染源的传染性增强，因此在“启动”疟原虫传播中起关键作用。