Ermolenko A E
Institute of Transplantology and Artificial Organs, Schukinskaja 1, Moscow 123182, Russia.
Med Hypotheses. 2005;64(1):209-14. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2004.02.053.
Manifestations of symmetry in the human structural organization in ontogenesis and phylogenetic development are analysed. A concept of macrobiocrystalloid with inherent complex symmetry is proposed for the description of the human organism in its integrity. The symmetry can be characterized as two-plane radial (quadrilateral), where the planar symmetry is predominant while the layout of organs of radial symmetry is subordinated to it. Out of the two planes of symmetry (sagittal and horizontal), the sagittal plane is predominant: (a) the location of the organs is governed by two principles: in compliance with the symmetry planes and in compliance with the radial symmetry around cavities; (b) the location of the radial symmetry organs is also governed by the principle of two-plane symmetry; (c) out of the four antimeres of two-plane symmetry, two are paired while the other two have merged into one organ; (d) some organs which are antimeres relative to the horizontal plane are located at the cranial end of the organism (sensory organs, cerebrum-cerebellum, heart-spleen and others). The two-plane symmetry is formed by two mechanisms--(a) the impact of morphogenetic fields of the whole crystalloid organism during embriogenesis and (b) genetic mechanisms of the development of chromosomes having two-plane symmetry. When comparing mineral and biological entities we should consider not the whole immobile crystal but only the active superficial part of a growing or dissolving crystal, the interface between the crystal surface and the crystal-forming environment which directly controls crystal growth and adapts itself to it, as well as crystal feed stock expressed in the structure of concentration flows. The symmetry of the chromosome, of the embrion at the early stages of cell cleavage as well as of some organs and systems in their phylogenetic development is described.
分析了个体发育和系统发育过程中人类结构组织的对称性表现。提出了具有内在复杂对称性的大生物晶体概念，用于描述完整的人体。这种对称性可被描述为双平面径向（四边形），其中平面对称占主导，而径向对称器官的布局从属于它。在两个对称平面（矢状面和水平面）中，矢状面占主导：（a）器官的位置由两个原则决定：符合对称平面和符合围绕腔的径向对称；（b）径向对称器官的位置也由双平面对称原则决定；（c）在双平面对称的四个对映体中，两个是成对的，而另外两个合并成了一个器官；（d）一些相对于水平面为对映体的器官位于生物体的头部末端（感觉器官、大脑-小脑、心脏-脾脏等）。双平面对称由两种机制形成——（a）胚胎发生过程中整个晶体状生物体形态发生场的影响和（b）具有双平面对称的染色体发育的遗传机制。在比较矿物和生物实体时，我们不应考虑整个静止的晶体，而应只考虑生长或溶解晶体的活性表面部分、晶体表面与晶体形成环境之间直接控制晶体生长并使其自身适应的界面，以及以浓度流结构表示的晶体原料。描述了染色体、细胞分裂早期胚胎以及一些器官和系统在其系统发育过程中的对称性。
