Aroua A, Buchillier-Decka I, Dula K, Nedjadi Y, Perrier M, Vader J-P, Valley J-F
Institut Universitaire de Radiophysique Appliquée, Grand-Pré 1, 1007 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2004 Jul;33(4):211-9. doi: 10.1259/dmfr/26126766.
To measure the frequencies of dental radiological examinations in Switzerland and to determine the associated collective radiation doses.
To evaluate the frequencies, a sample of 376 dental practitioners and other institutions performing dental radiology were requested to fill in questionnaires designed to measure, amongst others, frequencies of dental radiodiagnoses according to type of examination, patient age and gender, dental specialty and type of surgery. The associated collective radiation doses were determined by multiplying the relevant frequencies with dose estimates obtained from recent measurements and calculations.
The total number of dental examinations performed in Switzerland in 1998 was 4.1 million (581 per 1000 population). Periapical, bitewing and panoramic radiographs were the most frequent types of dental examinations. The collective dose associated with dental radiology was 71 person.Sv. This amounts to an annual average effective dose to the population of 10 muSv per caput, which is in agreement with the figures reported for countries of similar healthcare level. Various features such as the age distribution of the radiographed patients, the forms of collimators used, film consumption and the use of digital imaging systems are presented.
Several recommendations for dose reduction are made. These include the re-evaluation of the patterns and justification for prescribing some particular types of dental examinations as well as the avoidance of unnecessary irradiation by the use of rectangular collimation and high sensitivity F-speed films.
测量瑞士牙科放射检查的频率，并确定相关的集体辐射剂量。
为评估频率，要求376名牙科医生和其他从事牙科放射学的机构填写问卷，问卷旨在测量除其他内容外，根据检查类型、患者年龄和性别、牙科专业和手术类型进行的牙科放射诊断频率。通过将相关频率与从最近测量和计算中获得的剂量估计值相乘来确定相关的集体辐射剂量。
1998年瑞士进行的牙科检查总数为410万次（每千人口581次）。根尖片、咬合翼片和全景片是最常见的牙科检查类型。与牙科放射学相关的集体剂量为71人·希沃特。这相当于人均每年10微希沃特的平均有效剂量，这与医疗水平相似国家报告的数字一致。文中还介绍了诸如受检患者的年龄分布、所用准直器的形式、胶片消耗和数字成像系统的使用等各种特征。
提出了一些减少剂量的建议。这些建议包括重新评估开具某些特定类型牙科检查的模式和理由，以及通过使用矩形准直和高灵敏度F速胶片避免不必要的照射。
