Morken Tone, Tveito Torill H, Torp Steffen, Bakke Ashild
Seksjon for arbeidsmedisin, Universitetet i Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, 5018 Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2004 Oct 21;124(20):2623-6.
Musculoskeletal disorders are important causes of sick leave and disability among Norwegian offshore petroleum workers. More knowledge and interventions are needed in order to prevent this. In this review we consider prevalence and risk factors among offshore petroleum workers and point to the need for more research.
Literature searches on ISI Web of Science and PubMed were supplemented by reports from Norwegian offshore industry companies and the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate.
Few studies were found on musculoskeletal disorders among offshore petroleum workers. The disorders are widespread, particularly among catering, construction and drilling personnel. It is not clear whether the prevalence is different from that among onshore workers. Risk factors are physical stressors and fast pace of work. Among catering personnel, these disorders are important causes of loss of the required health certificate but we could not identify any review of causes in the offshore industry generally.
More scientific studies are needed on musculoskeletal disorders as comparisons of prevalence and risk factors for offshore and onshore workers may point to more effective interventions. Better knowledge of the causes of loss of the health certificate may contribute to preventing early retirement. Interventions to prevent these disorders should be evaluated by controlled intervention studies.
肌肉骨骼疾病是挪威近海石油工人病假和残疾的重要原因。为预防此类疾病，需要更多的知识和干预措施。在本综述中，我们探讨了近海石油工人中此类疾病的患病率及风险因素，并指出需要开展更多研究。
除了在科学引文索引（ISI）科学网和医学期刊数据库（PubMed）上进行文献检索外，我们还参考了挪威近海工业公司和挪威石油管理局的报告。
关于近海石油工人肌肉骨骼疾病的研究较少。此类疾病很普遍，尤其在餐饮、建筑和钻井人员中。目前尚不清楚其患病率与陆上工人相比是否存在差异。风险因素包括身体应激源和工作节奏快。对于餐饮人员而言，这些疾病是导致他们失去所需健康证明的重要原因，但我们未能找到关于近海行业此类疾病成因的综合综述。
需要开展更多关于肌肉骨骼疾病的科学研究，因为对比近海和陆上工人的患病率及风险因素可能会指向更有效的干预措施。深入了解健康证明失效的原因可能有助于预防提前退休。预防这些疾病的干预措施应通过对照干预研究进行评估。
