Guarneri A A, Pereira M H, Diotaiuti L
Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Av. Augusto de Lima 1.715, CEP 30190-002, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
J Med Entomol. 2000 May;37(3):373-9. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/37.3.373.
The objective of this study was to determine the influence of the blood meal source on the life cycle and reproductive development of female Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834), Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911, Triatoma sordida (Stal, 1859), and Triatoma pseudomaculata Corrga & Espfinola, 1964. In all triatomine species studied the life cycle was shorter for the groups fed on mice than for those fed on pigeons, the range of differences being between 1.5 times (T pseudomaculata and T. infestans) and 2.4 times (T brasiliensis). The mortality rate of nymphs during the life cycle tended to be greater in insects fed on pigeons than in those fed on mice, the differences for T. brasiliensis being statistically significant. Females of T sordida and T pseudomaculata had a greater fecundity than those of T. infestans and T. brasiliensis independently of the blood meal source. The differences of fecundity observed probably reflect differences in the availability of blood in the silvatic ecotopes of these species, meals being more frequent for T. infestans and T brasiliensis, which live at high densities in association with rodents in highly stable ecotopes. Because T. sordida and T. pseudomaculata live in more unstable ecotopes with fewer sources of blood they form small sparse colonies and invest more energy in reproduction than maintenance.
本研究的目的是确定血粉来源对雌性骚扰锥蝽（Triatoma infestans，克鲁格，1834年）、巴西锥蝽（Triatoma brasiliensis，内瓦，1911年）、污色锥蝽（Triatoma sordida，施塔尔，1859年）和拟黄斑锥蝽（Triatoma pseudomaculata，科尔加和埃斯皮诺拉，1964年）的生命周期及生殖发育的影响。在所有研究的锥蝽物种中，以小鼠为食的组的生命周期比以鸽子为食的组短，差异范围在1.5倍（拟黄斑锥蝽和骚扰锥蝽）至2.4倍（巴西锥蝽）之间。在生命周期中，以鸽子为食的若虫死亡率往往高于以小鼠为食的若虫，巴西锥蝽的差异具有统计学意义。无论血粉来源如何，污色锥蝽和拟黄斑锥蝽的雌性比骚扰锥蝽和巴西锥蝽的雌性具有更高的繁殖力。观察到的繁殖力差异可能反映了这些物种在野生生态位中血液可获得性的差异，骚扰锥蝽和巴西锥蝽生活在与啮齿动物高度稳定的生态位中，密度较高，进食更频繁。由于污色锥蝽和拟黄斑锥蝽生活在更不稳定的生态位中，血液来源较少，它们形成小而稀疏的群体，并将更多能量投入到繁殖而非维持生存上。
