Hohenadel Daniela, van der Woude Fokko J
Fifth Medical Department, University Clinic Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, Mannheim 68167, Germany.
Curr Diab Rep. 2004 Dec;4(6):462-9. doi: 10.1007/s11892-004-0057-x.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetes types 1 and 2. One of the hallmarks of DN is the development of mesangial expansion, which occurs through accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Altered local gene expression of humoral factors (eg, transforming growth factor-b, connective tissue growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor) can lead to increased production of ECM components (eg, fibronectin and collagen IV) or decreased degradation through matrix metalloproteinases (eg, MMP-1, MMP-2). In recent years, new techniques for examination of gene expression have been developed. Because of their large scale and high-throughput character, it is now possible to examine differential gene expression in a large number of samples. This paper provides an overview of techniques used and results obtained in studies of DN. Newly developed concepts of how altered gene expression may affect histomorphologic features or clinical symptoms are also discussed.
糖尿病肾病（DN）是1型和2型糖尿病的常见并发症。DN的一个标志是系膜扩张的发展，这是通过细胞外基质（ECM）成分的积累而发生的。体液因子（如转化生长因子-β、结缔组织生长因子和血小板衍生生长因子）局部基因表达的改变可导致ECM成分（如纤连蛋白和IV型胶原）产生增加或通过基质金属蛋白酶（如MMP-1、MMP-2）降解减少。近年来，已开发出用于检查基因表达的新技术。由于其大规模和高通量的特点，现在有可能在大量样本中检查差异基因表达。本文概述了DN研究中使用的技术和获得的结果。还讨论了基因表达改变如何影响组织形态学特征或临床症状的新发展概念。
