Herr Harry W
Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
J Urol. 2004 Nov;172(5 Pt 1):1800-4. doi: 10.1097/01.ju.0000140278.78500.5e.
This study compiles all cases of urological injuries reported in the Civil War (1861 to 1865).
Using original sources largely assembled in army surgeon reports urological injuries documented and treated during the Civil War were recorded as to frequency, type, site and outcome.
A total of 1,497 cases of injury involving the genitourinary organs were documented, representing 0.61% of all battle wounds, 22% of gunshot wounds of the abdomen and pelvis, and 47% of wounds restricted to the pelvis. Of these men 342 died (22% of all urological injuries and 37% of fatal pelvic wounds). Half of the kidney, bladder and prostate injuries were fatal, whereas men with injuries of the urethra, testes and penis generally recovered. Urethral wounds were often complicated by traumatic fistula and stricture.
Wounds involving genitourinary organs and their consequences had a significant impact during the Civil War. As the war progressed, despite the limited means at their disposal surgeons learned how to better treat devastating urological injuries, resulting in improved survival and fewer severe complications.
本研究汇编了美国内战（1861年至1865年）期间报告的所有泌尿系统损伤病例。
利用主要收集于军队外科医生报告中的原始资料，记录美国内战期间记录并治疗的泌尿系统损伤的频率、类型、部位和结果。
共记录了1497例涉及泌尿生殖器官的损伤病例，占所有战伤的0.61%，腹部和骨盆枪伤的22%，以及仅限于骨盆的伤口的47%。其中342人死亡（占所有泌尿系统损伤的22%，致命骨盆伤的37%）。一半的肾脏、膀胱和前列腺损伤是致命的，而尿道、睾丸和阴茎损伤的男性通常康复。尿道伤口常并发创伤性瘘管和狭窄。
在内战期间，涉及泌尿生殖器官的伤口及其后果产生了重大影响。随着战争的推进，尽管外科医生可用的手段有限，但他们学会了如何更好地治疗严重的泌尿系统损伤，从而提高了生存率，减少了严重并发症。
