Baqain Zaid H, Hyde Nicholos, Patrikidou Anna, Harris Malcolm
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jordan, PO Box 125, Iskan Alia, Amman 11731, Jordan.
Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2004 Dec;42(6):506-10. doi: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2004.06.010.
A prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled double-blind clinical trial, compared short-term (1 day) and long-term (5 days) antibiotic prophylaxis after orthognathic surgery. Thirty four patients had single jaw or bimaxillary osteotomies and were given two perioperative doses of amoxycillin. Patients were then randomised to receive either placebo or amoxycillin for 5 days in a double-blind manner. Postoperatively the patients were monitored for infection by scoring a series of validated measurements of infection. In the postoperative period four patients required additional antibiotics in the short-term group and two in the long-term group (P = 0.67). Morbidity scores were higher in the short-term group, at 406 to 264 (P = 0.04), and when individual variables were compared there was a significant difference in the degree of swelling (P = 0.04). Although a 5-day regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis in orthognathic surgery did not decrease the incidence of postoperative infection significantly, it may decrease the morbidity of the operation.
一项前瞻性、随机、安慰剂对照双盲临床试验，比较了正颌手术后短期（1天）和长期（5天）抗生素预防的效果。34例患者接受了单颌或双颌截骨术，并在围手术期给予两剂阿莫西林。然后患者被随机分组，以双盲方式接受安慰剂或阿莫西林治疗5天。术后通过对一系列经过验证的感染测量指标进行评分来监测患者是否感染。术后短期内，短期组有4例患者需要额外使用抗生素，长期组有2例患者需要额外使用抗生素（P = 0.67）。短期组的发病率评分更高，为406比264（P = 0.04），当比较各个变量时，肿胀程度存在显著差异（P = 0.04）。虽然正颌手术中5天的抗生素预防方案并未显著降低术后感染的发生率，但可能会降低手术的发病率。
