McClelland Grant B
Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Nov;139(3):443-60. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2004.07.003.
Lipids are an important fuel for submaximal aerobic exercise. The ways in which lipid oxidation is regulated during locomotion is an area of active investigation. Indeed, the integration between cellular regulation of lipid metabolism and whole-body exercise performance is a fascinating but often overlooked research area. Additionally, the interaction between environmental stress, exercise, and lipid oxidation has not been sufficiently examined. There are many functional and structural steps as fatty acids are mobilized, transported, and oxidized in working muscle, which may serve either as regulatory points for responding to acute or chronic stimuli or as raw material for natural selection. At the whole-animal level, the partitioning of lipids and carbohydrates across exercise intensities is remarkably similar among mammals, which suggests that there is conservation in regulatory mechanisms. Conversely, the proportions of circulatory and intramuscular fuels differ between species and across exercise intensities. Responses to acute and chronic environmental stress likely involve the interaction of genetic and nongenetic changes in the fatty acid pathway. Determining which of these factors help regulate the fatty acid pathway and what impact they have on whole-animal lipid oxidation and performance is an important area of future research. Using an integrative approach to complete the information loop from gene to physiological function provides the most powerful mode of analysis.
脂质是次最大强度有氧运动的重要燃料。运动过程中脂质氧化的调节方式是一个活跃的研究领域。事实上，脂质代谢的细胞调节与全身运动表现之间的整合是一个引人入胜但常常被忽视的研究领域。此外，环境应激、运动和脂质氧化之间的相互作用尚未得到充分研究。脂肪酸在工作肌肉中被动员、运输和氧化的过程中有许多功能和结构步骤，这些步骤既可以作为对急性或慢性刺激做出反应的调节点，也可以作为自然选择的原材料。在全动物水平上，哺乳动物在不同运动强度下脂质和碳水化合物的分配非常相似，这表明调节机制具有保守性。相反，不同物种之间以及不同运动强度下循环燃料和肌肉内燃料的比例有所不同。对急性和慢性环境应激的反应可能涉及脂肪酸途径中遗传和非遗传变化的相互作用。确定这些因素中哪些有助于调节脂肪酸途径以及它们对全动物脂质氧化和性能有何影响是未来研究的一个重要领域。采用综合方法来完成从基因到生理功能的信息循环提供了最强大的分析模式。
