Foreman M D
AACN Clin Issues Crit Care Nurs. 1992 Feb;3(1):64-72. doi: 10.4037/15597768-1992-1008.
Afflicting as many as 80% of critically ill elderly (older than 65 years) patients, adverse psychologic reactions (e.g., acute confusional states) to critical illness and its treatment present a unique challenge to medical and nursing intensive care practitioners. Additionally, the consequences of these adverse psychologic reactions financially strain health-care organizations, placing additional constraints on the delivery of health-care services. This article presents information regarding the origins of these adverse psychologic reactions and nursing strategies for the prevention, identification, and management of these clinical states. With such information, nurses who work in critical care units may be better equipped to identify and care for patients at risk of or experiencing an adverse psychologic reaction to critical illness.
重症疾病及其治疗引发的不良心理反应（如急性意识模糊状态）折磨着多达80%的重症老年（65岁以上）患者，这给医疗和护理重症监护从业者带来了独特的挑战。此外，这些不良心理反应的后果给医疗保健机构带来了经济压力，对医疗保健服务的提供造成了额外限制。本文介绍了这些不良心理反应的根源以及预防、识别和管理这些临床状态的护理策略。有了这些信息，在重症监护病房工作的护士可能会更有能力识别和护理有发生重症疾病不良心理反应风险或正在经历这种反应的患者。
