Coburn K
AACN Clin Issues Crit Care Nurs. 1992 Feb;3(1):9-18. doi: 10.4037/15597768-1992-1002.
It is difficult to accurately determine the number of people affected annually by the devastating effects of traumatic brain injury. It is clear, however, that the impact of traumatic brain injury exceeds the financial cost of acute health care. The long-term outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury has been targeted specifically for improvement during this decade. The initial brain injury--known as the primary injury--may occur in one area of the brain (focal injury) or may affect the entire brain (diffuse injury). The outcome depends on many factors, including the severity of the brain injury and the effectiveness of the interventions received. Accurate assessment of the scope of the problem would be improved by the development of a national database and the standardization of assessment practices. Critical care nurses can contribute skill and knowledge in the care of patients with traumatic brain injury and in efforts to prevent the accidents and violence that cause traumatic brain injury.
每年难以准确确定受创伤性脑损伤灾难性影响的人数。然而，很明显，创伤性脑损伤的影响超过了急性医疗保健的经济成本。在这十年中，创伤性脑损伤患者的长期预后已被明确作为改善目标。最初的脑损伤——即原发性损伤——可能发生在大脑的一个区域（局灶性损伤），也可能影响整个大脑（弥漫性损伤）。其预后取决于许多因素，包括脑损伤的严重程度以及所接受干预措施的有效性。建立全国性数据库并使评估方法标准化将有助于更准确地评估这一问题的范围。重症护理护士可以在护理创伤性脑损伤患者以及预防导致创伤性脑损伤的事故和暴力方面贡献技能和知识。
