Wang Jindong, Sugden Bill
Laboratory of Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
J Cell Biochem. 2005 Feb 1;94(2):247-56. doi: 10.1002/jcb.20324.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), provides unique advantages to understand origins of replication in higher eukaryotes. EBV establishes itself efficiently in infected B lymphocytes, where it exists as a 165 kb, circular chromosome which is duplicated once per cell cycle (Adams [1987] J Virol 61:1743-1746). Five to twenty copies of the EBV chromosome are usually present in each cell, increasing the signal/noise ratio for mapping and analyzing its replication origins. Remarkably only one viral protein is required for the synthesis and partitioning of the viral chromosomes: EBV nuclear antigen-1, or EBNA1. EBV uses distinct origins related to the ARS1 origin of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to that of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) locus in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells [Bogan et al., 2000]. We shall review the properties and the regulation of these two kinds of origins in EBV and relate them to their cellular cousins.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）为理解高等真核生物的复制起点提供了独特优势。EBV能在受感染的B淋巴细胞中高效建立自身，在其中它以165 kb的环状染色体形式存在，每个细胞周期复制一次（亚当斯[1987]《病毒学杂志》61:1743 - 1746）。每个细胞中通常存在5到20个EBV染色体拷贝，这提高了用于绘制和分析其复制起点的信号/噪声比。值得注意的是，病毒染色体的合成和分配仅需要一种病毒蛋白：EBV核抗原1，即EBNA1。EBV使用与酿酒酵母的ARS1起点以及中国仓鼠卵巢（CHO）细胞中二氢叶酸还原酶（DHFR）基因座的起点相关的不同起点[博根等人，2000]。我们将综述EBV中这两种起点的特性和调控，并将它们与其细胞中的对应物进行关联。
