Simons-Morton Bruce, Chen Rusan, Abroms Lorien, Haynie Denise L
Prevention Research Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7510, USA.
Health Psychol. 2004 Nov;23(6):612-21. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.23.6.612.
Social influences on smoking uptake were examined in latent growth curve analyses of data from 1,320 youths assessed 5 times during 6th to 9th grade. Initial smoking stage predicted increases in number of friends who smoked, indicating selection; however, initial number of friends who smoked did not predict smoking stage progression, indicating no significant effect of socialization. Associations over time among smoking stage progression, affiliation with friends who smoke, and parenting behaviors were significant, suggesting dynamic, reciprocal relationships. Parental involvement, monitoring, and expectations provided direct protective effects against smoking progression as well as indirect effects, by limiting increases in number of friends who smoke. These results are consistent with the peer selection hypothesis, confirm the powerful association over time of social influences with smoking, and provide the first evidence that parenting behavior may protect against smoking progression by limiting increases in number of friends who smoke.
在对1320名青少年进行的潜在生长曲线分析中，研究了社会因素对吸烟行为的影响。这些青少年在六年级至九年级期间接受了5次评估。初始吸烟阶段预示着吸烟朋友数量的增加，这表明存在选择因素；然而，初始吸烟朋友的数量并不能预测吸烟阶段的进展，这表明社会化没有显著影响。随着时间的推移，吸烟阶段进展、与吸烟朋友的交往以及养育行为之间的关联是显著的，这表明存在动态的相互关系。父母的参与、监督和期望对吸烟进展具有直接的保护作用，同时也通过限制吸烟朋友数量的增加产生间接影响。这些结果与同伴选择假说一致，证实了随着时间的推移社会因素与吸烟之间存在强大的关联，并首次提供了证据表明养育行为可能通过限制吸烟朋友数量的增加来防止吸烟行为的进展。
