Kelman Leslie
Headache Center of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30342, USA.
Headache. 2004 Nov-Dec;44(10):1019-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2004.04197.x.
This study assesses osmophobia and taste abnormality for the first time in a large sample of migraine patients.
Seven hundred and twenty seven migraineurs were evaluated. Osmophobia, taste abnormality, and perfume or odor trigger were graded from 0 to 3.
In patients with data, 24.7% of 673 patients complained of osmophobia (12.5% occasional, 7% frequent, and 5.2% very frequent) and 24.6% of 505 of taste abnormality (13.5% occasional, 6.1% frequent, and 5.0% very frequent). Perfume or odor trigger of acute migraine occurred in 45.5% of 724 patients (22.7% occasional, 10.2% frequent, and 12.6% very frequent). Perfume or odor trigger was associated with osmophobia in 61.5% and taste abnormality 62.1%. Osmophobia without taste abnormality occurred in 28.3% and taste abnormality without osmophobia in 40.3%. A greater percentage of females than males had osmophobia (25.7 vs. 17.5), taste abnormality (25.4 vs. 17.9), and perfume or odor trigger (49.3 vs. 22.1), all P<.0001.
Osmophobia and taste abnormality occur in about one quarter of migraineurs during an acute migraine attack while perfume or odor trigger migraine in almost 50% of patients. Osmophobia and taste abnormality in the acute migraine attack, as well as perfumes or odor as a migraine trigger, are more common in females than in males.
本研究首次在大量偏头痛患者样本中评估恐嗅症和味觉异常情况。
对727名偏头痛患者进行了评估。恐嗅症、味觉异常以及香水或气味诱发因素的分级为0至3级。
在有数据的患者中，673名患者中有24.7%主诉有恐嗅症（偶尔发作12.5%，频繁发作7%，非常频繁发作5.2%），505名患者中有24.6%有味觉异常（偶尔发作13.5%，频繁发作6.1%，非常频繁发作5.0%）。724名患者中有45.5%的急性偏头痛由香水或气味诱发（偶尔诱发22.7%，频繁诱发10.2%，非常频繁诱发12.6%）。香水或气味诱发因素与恐嗅症的关联度为61.5%，与味觉异常的关联度为62.1%。仅有恐嗅症而无味觉异常的情况占28.3%，仅有味觉异常而无恐嗅症的情况占40.3%。女性患恐嗅症（25.7%对17.5%）、味觉异常（25.4%对17.9%）以及香水或气味诱发因素（49.3%对22.1%）的比例均高于男性，所有P值均小于0.0001。
在急性偏头痛发作期间，约四分之一的偏头痛患者会出现恐嗅症和味觉异常，而近50%的患者偏头痛由香水或气味诱发。急性偏头痛发作时的恐嗅症和味觉异常，以及香水或气味作为偏头痛诱发因素，在女性中比在男性中更为常见。
