Volkow Nora D, Li Ting-Kai
National Institute on Drug Abuse/NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Dec;5(12):963-70. doi: 10.1038/nrn1539.
Drug addiction manifests as a compulsive drive to take a drug despite serious adverse consequences. This aberrant behaviour has traditionally been viewed as bad "choices" that are made voluntarily by the addict. However, recent studies have shown that repeated drug use leads to long-lasting changes in the brain that undermine voluntary control. This, combined with new knowledge of how environmental, genetic and developmental factors contribute to addiction, should bring about changes in our approach to the prevention and treatment of addiction.
药物成瘾表现为一种不顾严重不良后果而强迫性地使用药物的冲动。这种异常行为传统上被视为成瘾者自愿做出的不良“选择”。然而，最近的研究表明，反复使用药物会导致大脑发生持久变化，从而破坏自主控制能力。这一点，再加上关于环境、遗传和发育因素如何导致成瘾的新知识，应该会使我们在成瘾的预防和治疗方法上有所改变。
