Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C viral infections in Indian patients with chronic renal failure.

The present study reports prevalence of posttransplant hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in 256 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and with a history of either renal transplant or hemodialysis. Out of 256 patients 138 had renal transplant and 118 were on maintenance hemodialysis. Among the patients screened, 7% had HBV infection alone, 46% were infected with HCV alone, while 37.10% were found to have co-infection of both the viruses. Our findings implicate these viruses as the major cause of posttransplant hepatitis in Indian patients with CRF and indicate implementation of stringent screening procedures for these two viral infections.