Mack David R
University of Ottawa and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada.
Can J Gastroenterol. 2004 Nov;18(11):671-5. doi: 10.1155/2004/342583.
There is mounting evidence that ingestion of selected probiotics can modify disease morbidity for specific conditions affecting humans, and there is growing interest in the amelioration or prevention of disease with probiotics. Modulation in gene expression of the cellular elements of the intestinal mucosa and interbacterial interactions are leading theories as to the mechanism whereby probiotics can effect benefit for the host. Furthermore, gene-environmental interactions are considered to be important in the development of disease in those at genetic risk. With the intestinal tract harbouring large numbers of bacteria, alteration of the microbial environment with probiotic microbes is being considered as a controllable factor that may limit disease expression for those at genetic risk. This reasoning has led to interest in the administration of probiotics to infants. However, there are significant developmental changes occurring in many organ systems from the time of parturition and during the first months of life. Because there is little in the published scientific medical literature regarding the effects of long-term administration of probiotics to infants, potential problems must be considered; one such issue is that of administration of D(-)-lactate-producing probiotics. An appraisal of the current knowledge of this potential adverse effect is the subject of this communication.
越来越多的证据表明，摄入特定的益生菌可以改变影响人类的特定疾病的发病率，并且人们对用益生菌改善或预防疾病的兴趣也在增加。肠道黏膜细胞成分的基因表达调节和细菌间相互作用是关于益生菌如何对宿主产生益处的主要理论。此外，基因-环境相互作用被认为在有遗传风险的个体疾病发生中很重要。由于肠道中存在大量细菌，用益生菌微生物改变微生物环境被视为一个可控因素，可能会限制有遗传风险个体的疾病表现。这种推理引发了对给婴儿服用益生菌的兴趣。然而，从分娩时起以及在生命的最初几个月里，许多器官系统都会发生显著的发育变化。由于已发表的科学医学文献中关于长期给婴儿服用益生菌的影响的内容很少，所以必须考虑潜在问题；其中一个问题是服用产生D(-)-乳酸的益生菌。本通讯的主题是对这种潜在不良反应的现有知识进行评估。
