Soeprono Andrew M, Rust Michael K
Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521-0314, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2004 Oct;97(5):1675-81. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-97.5.1675.
Horizontal transfer of three contact insecticides, bifenthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, and fipronil, was tested in laboratory colonies. Donor ants were exposed for 1 min to insecticide-treated sand substrates and placed with unexposed ant colonies at two different temperatures. Mortality was monitored to compare the ability of donors to transfer lethal doses of these insecticides to untreated individuals. Treated donor insects, live or dead, were added into colonies to determine the importance of donor behavior on lethal transfer. Fipronil was readily transferable between individuals, resulting in high mortality rates. Bifenthrin and beta-cyfluthrin were less transferable, exhibiting moderate-to-low mortality rates similar to the controls. Greater mortality occurred at 27-29 degrees C than at 21-23 degrees C for bifenthrin, but not the other treatments or controls. Colony mortality did not significantly increase when adding live donors, suggesting that necrophoresis was probably an important donor behavior in addition to grooming and trophallaxis on horizontal transfer.
在实验室蚁群中测试了三种接触性杀虫剂（联苯菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯和氟虫腈）的水平转移情况。供体蚂蚁在经杀虫剂处理的沙质基质上暴露1分钟，然后在两个不同温度下与未暴露的蚁群放置在一起。监测死亡率以比较供体将这些杀虫剂的致死剂量转移给未处理个体的能力。将经处理的供体昆虫（无论死活）添加到蚁群中，以确定供体行为对致死转移的重要性。氟虫腈很容易在个体之间转移，导致高死亡率。联苯菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯的转移性较差，死亡率与对照组相似，为中低水平。对于联苯菊酯，27 - 29摄氏度时的死亡率高于21 - 23摄氏度时，但其他处理或对照组并非如此。添加活的供体时，蚁群死亡率没有显著增加，这表明除了梳理和交哺行为外，尸体搬运可能也是水平转移中的一种重要供体行为。
