Willems J H B M
TNO Preventie en Gezondheid, Postbus 2215, 231o CE Leiden.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2004 Nov 6;148(45):2216-20.
Various symptoms can arise during a stay in high altitude areas (above 2500 m), such as tissue hypoxia and in particular pulmonary and brain oedema. Patients with existing health problems can expect to develop more complaints or more severe complaints at an earlier stage. For a number of these patients a stay in high altitude areas should be advised against or should only take place if certain measures are taken. The advising physician should have knowledge about the reactions of the human body on hypoxy, and about (derailments of) the acclimatisation proces in high altitude areas. Every patient with a disease that can interfere with hypoxia should be assessed on an individual basis. The most important absolute and relative contraindications are cardiac and pulmonary conditions, haemoglobin abnormalities, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, epilepsy, severe obesity, kidney diseases and pregnancy. In the case of an existing health problem, a stay in high altitude should only be considered if medical care can be quickly and adequately provided on the spot.
在高海拔地区（海拔2500米以上）停留期间可能会出现各种症状，如组织缺氧，尤其是肺水肿和脑水肿。已有健康问题的患者可能会在更早阶段出现更多不适或更严重的不适。对于其中一些患者，应建议不要前往高海拔地区，或者只有在采取某些措施的情况下才能前往。建议的医生应了解人体对缺氧的反应，以及高海拔地区适应过程（的异常情况）。每一位患有可能干扰缺氧疾病的患者都应进行个体评估。最重要的绝对和相对禁忌症是心脏和肺部疾病、血红蛋白异常、糖尿病、高血压、癫痫、严重肥胖、肾脏疾病和妊娠。如果存在健康问题，只有在能够在当地迅速提供充分医疗护理的情况下，才应考虑前往高海拔地区。
