Bower Jean M, Eto Danelle S, Mulvey Matthew A
Pathology Department, Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132-2501, USA.
Traffic. 2005 Jan;6(1):18-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2004.00251.x.
Entry into host cells is required for many bacterial pathogens to effectively disseminate within a host, avoid immune detection and cause disease. In recent years, many ostensibly extracellular bacteria have been shown to act as opportunistic intracellular pathogens. Among these are strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the primary causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs). UPEC are able to transiently invade, survive and multiply within the host cells and tissues constituting the urinary tract. Invasion of host cells by UPEC is promoted independently by distinct virulence factors, including cytotoxic necrotizing factor, Afa/Dr adhesins, and type 1 pili. Here we review the diverse mechanisms and consequences of host cell invasion by UPEC, focusing also on the impact of these processes on the persistence and recurrence of UTIs.
许多细菌病原体要在宿主体内有效传播、避免被免疫系统检测到并引发疾病，就需要进入宿主细胞。近年来，许多表面上为胞外菌的细菌已被证明可作为机会性胞内病原体。其中包括尿路致病性大肠杆菌（UPEC）菌株，它是尿路感染（UTI）的主要病原体。UPEC能够在构成尿路的宿主细胞和组织内短暂侵入、存活并繁殖。UPEC对宿主细胞的侵袭由不同的毒力因子独立促进，包括细胞毒性坏死因子、Afa/Dr黏附素和1型菌毛。在此，我们综述了UPEC侵袭宿主细胞的多种机制及后果，同时也关注这些过程对UTI持续存在和复发的影响。
